Management in all business and human organization activity is simply the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organazing,staffing, leading,or directing, and controling an organazation(a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resourse,finacial resources, technology resources, and naturDifficulties arise in tracing the history of management. Some see it (by definition) as a late modern (in the sense of late modenity) conceptualization. On those terms it cannot have a pre-modern history, only harbingers (such as stewads). Others, however, detect management-like-thought back to sumerian traders and to the builders of the pyramids of ancient Eghpt
Slave-owners through the centuries faced the problems of exploiting/motivating a dependent but sometimes unenthusiastic or recalcitrant workforce, but many pre-industrial enterprice, given their small scale, did not feel compelled to face the issues of management systematically. However, innovations such as the spread of centuries) and the codification of (1494) provided tools` for management assessment, planning and control.
Given the scale of most commercial operations and the lack of mechanized record-keeping and recording before the industrial, it made sense for most owners of enterprises in those times to carry out management functions by and for themselves. But with growing size and complexity of organizations, the split between owners (individuals, industrial dynasties or groups of shareholders and day-to-day managers (independent specialists in planning and control) gradually became more common.
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